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Saturday, 29.06.2024
eGovernment Forschung seit 2001 | eGovernment Research since 2001
Uganda was among 17 African countries going to the polls this year. In all these states, the mere mention of electronic voting sparks a debate that portrays Africa as not being ready for digitalised elections.

The Electoral Commission of Uganda tried biometric registration in a bid to reduce fraud. Uganda also used ICT in transmitting the results from the district returning officers to the national tallying centre. This is the kind of system that was used in Kenya during the referendum and by-elections with credible success.

But the hard nut to crack in most African elections lies in digitalising the whole processes involved so as to attain e-voting alongside e-democracy and e-government. Challenges and the dark side usually take centre stage.

Read more: Move over bulky ballot boxes and long queues; the era of e-democracy is here

Today's Internet evolved from projects largely funded by the U.S. government. While it took markets and private-sector innovation for the Web to become a virtual commons for sharing information, ideas and transactions of all kinds, many governments are now closing the circle by incorporating information and communication technology into their interactions with citizens.

As well as encouraging a more citizen-centred framework for service delivery, e-government saves time and money for all stakeholders, while making it easier for both parties to communicate with each other in many ways.

Read more: The rise of e-democracy

"Das Internet taugt ganz schlecht zu Wahlkampfzwecken", zugleich sei es aber "die einzige Hoffnung zur Rettung der Demokratie, die wir haben". Auf diese widersprüchliche Formel brachte Tom Steinberg, einer der herausragenden Akteure der britischen e-Democracy-Debatte, auf einer Veranstaltung von Politik-Digital in Berlin den Stand der Erkenntnisse in Sachen Politik und Neue Medien. In Wahlkampfzeiten richteten die Parteimanager alle Anstrengungen darauf, die noch unentschlossenen Wähler zu mobilisieren und auf ihre Seite zu ziehen, "da sind die Massenmedien nicht zu schlagen", meint der Brite. Denn das Web biete keine Möglichkeiten, die Unentschlossenen gezielt zu erreichen, und auch die Möglichkeiten des Blogging als Gegenöffentlichkeit würden maßlos überschätzt. "Meinung ist billig, Fakten sind teuer", begründet Steinberg, warum die Weblog-Initiativen einzelner nur in Ausnahmefällen einen Einfluss auf die politischen Auseinandersetzungen ausüben könnten.

Read more: e-Demokratie: Die Rolle des Internet im "Voter Relationship Management"

Addressing the plenary session of the World Summit on the Information Society in Bilbao last week, Presiding Officer George Reid said that politicians had to “think global but act local”. The rapid spread of high-tech IT and communications systems into every part of the world, he continued, was driving “contradictory and complementary” trends of “globalisation and decentralisation”.

“As economic and political power moves up to supranational level, there must be a corresponding devolution of power at local level so that the citizen is not excluded from decision-making. “Scotland is already well down the road in becoming an e-country. The aim is to compete globally through e-Business, to inform and involve our citizens through e-Government and e-Administration, and to give them a voice in national decisions through e-Democracy.”

Read more: e-Democracy's value is praised by World Summit on the Information Society

Electronic tools stimulate citizen interest, involvement -- and accountability

Mary Reid, an elected representative from Great Britain, showed two photos of rooms where public hearings are held in that country. One picture displayed a typical layout where councilors sit at wide desks facing a central desk and another offered a fisheye view from the chairman's position.

"And the question is, 'Where is the public?' " she said. "Well, they're actually sitting up in that gallery behind the green barrier that's really there above the council members. And my question is: What message is this giving to the citizen about public participation?"

Read more: Britain outpaces the United States in e-democracy

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